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Essay

Evaluating Policies to Maximize Consumer Surplus

A city government wants to increase the overall economic well-being of its citizens who use public transportation. They are considering two different policies:

  1. Policy A: Mandate a 50% reduction in the price of all bus and subway fares.
  2. Policy B: Keep fares at the current price but invest heavily in improving the quality of service (e.g., more frequent buses, cleaner trains, expanded routes).

Evaluate which policy is more likely to result in a larger increase in total consumer surplus for public transit riders. Justify your reasoning by explaining how each policy would affect the two components of consumer surplus: the surplus for existing riders and the surplus gained by new riders.

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Updated 2025-09-24

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