Essay

Evaluating Pollution Reduction Policies

A city's public bus system, which uses old diesel engines, is a major source of air pollution, causing health problems for residents. Two policies are proposed to address this negative externality:

  • Policy A: Reduce the total number of bus-kilometers traveled per day by 20%.
  • Policy B: Impose a per-liter tax on the high-sulfur diesel fuel used by the buses.

Evaluate which of these two policies is more economically efficient at addressing the pollution problem. Justify your answer by analyzing how each policy targets the source of the externality.

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Updated 2025-08-16

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