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Example of the Political-Relational Model of Disability and HIV/AIDS

Contrary to some's belief there is no set list of conditions that count as disabilities in the Americans with Disabilities Act, rather disability is defined having, having a history of, or being regarded as having an impairment that inhibits one or more major life activities. Part of the reasoning for this way of defining disability was being of the politics around HIV/AIDS in the late 1980s and early 1990s. HIV/AIDS was still highly stigmatized in the late 1980s and early 1990s because of its association with the LGBTQ+ community, and abandonment of individuals who were dying during the HIV/AIDS epidemic by President Ronald Reagan. This lead to a large political debate during the passage of the ADA of whether HIV/AIDS should be included as a disability in the legislation. Queerphobic, homophobic and transphobic legislators who did not want to appear to their constituents to be supporting rights for the LGBTQ+ community by including HIV/AIDS as a disability in the ADA helped shape a definition of disability that did not outline certain conditions to make the inclusion of folks with HIV/AIDS less evident.

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Updated 2025-09-29

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Disability Studies

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