and:

x = 5
if x < 10 and x > 2:
   print(x, " is less than 10 and greater than 2.")

result:

5 is less than 10 and greater than 2.

or:

x = 5 
if x < 10 or x > 7:
   print(x, " is less than 10 or greater than 7.")

result:

5 is less than 10 or greater than 7.

not:

x = 5
if not(x == 10):
   print(x, "doesn't equal 10.")

result:

5 doesn't equal 10.