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Explain how the within-subjects design facilitated hypothesis guessing in this study, and explain the participants' subsequent behavior in terms of their effort to be 'fair' across conditions.
Case context: Dr. Aris is running a within-subjects experiment to study how background music affects memory. Participants perform a word recall test under a 'silence' condition and a 'pop music' condition. During post-test interviews, several participants mention they figured out the study was comparing silence and music. They admitted they deliberately tried to recall the exact same number of words in both conditions to avoid looking like they were influenced by the music.
Question: Explain how the within-subjects design facilitated hypothesis guessing in this study, and explain the participants' subsequent behavior in terms of their effort to be 'fair' across conditions.
Sample answer: The within-subjects design required participants to experience both the silence and pop music conditions, allowing them to compare the conditions and guess the hypothesis. As a result, the participants altered their behavior by intentionally trying to recall the same number of words in both conditions, which represents an unnatural effort to be 'fair' and avoid appearing influenced by the music.
Key points:
- Experiencing both silence and music conditions facilitated hypothesis guessing.
- Participants guessed the hypothesis comparison.
- Participants deliberately recalled the same number of words in both conditions.
- This behavior represents an unnatural effort to be 'fair' across conditions.
Rubric: The response must explain that experiencing both conditions facilitated hypothesis guessing. It must also explain the participants' subsequent behavior as an attempt to perform similarly across conditions to be fair or unbiased.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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