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Explain the mechanism and primary trade-off of early stopping.

Question: How does early stopping work during model training, and what is its effect on bias and variance?

Sample answer: Early stopping works by stopping gradient descent early based on the dev-set error. This approach acts similarly to regularization, reducing the model's variance but increasing its bias.

Key points:

  • Stops gradient descent early based on dev-set error
  • Reduces variance
  • Increases bias

Rubric: The answer must explain that gradient descent is stopped early based on dev-set error and state that this reduces variance while increasing bias.

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Updated 2026-05-27

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