Figure 2.13: Share of Employees Covered by Collective Bargaining Agreements (2017-2020)
This bar chart, titled Figure 2.13, displays the percentage of employees in various countries whose wages are determined by collective bargaining agreements for the period 2017–2020. The data highlights significant international differences, with coverage approaching 100% in nations like Italy and France, while remaining below 15% in the US and South Korea. It is important to note that this metric measures bargaining coverage and is distinct from 'union density,' which refers to the share of employees who are actual union members.
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Figure 2.13: Share of Employees Covered by Collective Bargaining Agreements (2017-2020)
Consider two developed economies. In Country A, over 90% of employees have their wages and working conditions determined by collective agreements negotiated between unions and employer groups. In Country B, fewer than 15% of employees are covered by such agreements, with most wages set through individual negotiations between the worker and the firm. Based on this structural difference, what is the most likely distinction between their labor markets?
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