Fine-grained financial opinions can be represented in the following 9-tuple form: $(e, s, h, t^p, t^v, a, d, C, M^e_{t^p})$

where $e$ denotes the target entity, $s$ denotes the sentiment, $h$ denotes the opinion holder, $t^p$ denotes the publishing time, $t^v$ denotes the validity period, $a$ denotes the analysis aspect, $d$ denotes the degree of sentiment, $C$ denotes the set of investor’s claims, and $M^e_{t^p}$ denotes the market information set of target entity before publishing time.