1Cademy - Galens Description of the Melancholic Temperament

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Galen's Expansion of the Four Temperaments Theory

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Galen's Description of the Melancholic Temperament

In Galen's framework, the melancholic person, linked to an excess of black bile from the kidneys, is described as being reserved, anxious, and unhappy.

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Updated 2026-06-30

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OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

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An ancient theory of personality proposed that an individual's temperament is determined by an imbalance of specific bodily fluids. According to this framework, a person who is often reserved, anxious, and unhappy is thought to have an excess of a particular fluid. Which fluid and its associated organ would this theory link to such a personality?

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An ancient theory of personality proposed that an individual's temperament is determined by an imbalance of specific bodily fluids. According to this framework, a person who is often reserved, anxious, and unhappy is thought to have an excess of a particular fluid. Which fluid and its associated organ would this theory link to such a personality?

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