Glial scars are normally caused by neurodegenerative reactions in the brain, however, the NRHypo neurodegeneration is an exception to this occurrence. Studies of activated microglia and histochemical stains for glial proteins (astrocytes) show that when a lot of the neuronal population in the posterior cingulate cortex is destroyed by an NMDA antagonist, there is an increase in markers for both types of glia. Therefore, the theory that brain alterations in schizophrenia are not associated with gliosis could suggest that changes occurred during developmental stages or by an NRHypo mechanism.