Concept

Hassan al-Ajam: Khaqani's Stylistic Supremacy and His Following of Sanai in Homily and Wisdom

In Section 18 of the Baharestan, Jami praises Khaqani Haqa'iqi Shirvani, who was given the epithet Hassan al-Ajam (the Hassan of the Persians) for his perfection in the craft of poetry (sina'at-e she'r). Jami singles him out among all poets for the distinction of his style and for a rare, unrivaled manner. Crucially, in homilies and wisdom (mawa'iz va hikam) Khaqani is said to have followed the path of Hakim Sanai, and in that arena he outstripped his peers. Jami illustrates this with Khaqani's own self-laudatory (mofakharat) verse, in which the poet calls himself the innovating master whose table of meanings feeds even Unsuri and Rudaki, framing Khaqani both as heir to Sanai's homiletic-didactic tradition and as a self-conscious innovator.

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Updated 2026-07-20

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course