Concept

Helplessness and Inner Turmoil in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 14, Poem 23)

In Chapter 14, Poem 23 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet vividly describes a state of utter physical, spiritual, and emotional helplessness. The verse emphasizes an inescapable affliction where the seeker's distraught heart generates endless turmoil. Ultimately, it depicts a paradox of self-alienation: the seeker becomes bereft of self (��ی‌خویشتن) yet remains hopelessly trapped within the self (به خویشتن درمانده), illustrating the agonizing struggle of the ego on the mystical path.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course