Concept

Imagery of Entanglement and the Sweet Mouth in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 38, Poem 2)

In Chapter 38, Poem 2 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet contrasts the lover's suffering with the sweet relief brought by the beloved. The lover sheds 'heart's blood' and is trapped in a 'hundred knots' of the beloved's deeply curled tresses. This agony persists until the beloved's small, tight mouth—metaphorically described as a 'pistachio' (pesteh) that opens into a 'parcel of sugar' (shakar)—finally opens. This imagery emphasizes the sweet, life-giving nature of the beloved's speech or smile as the only remedy for the lover's painful entanglement.

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Updated 2026-07-06

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course