Causation

Impact of Damaged Bank Balance Sheets on Lending and Investment

During a financial crisis, the value of a bank's assets typically declines, which reduces its equity or net worth. In response to these damaged balance sheets, banks take protective measures to rebuild their equity. These measures include contracting their lending activities and raising the cost of credit for borrowers. The resulting reduction in the availability of loans leads directly to lower investment spending by firms, further dampening economic activity.

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Updated 2026-01-15

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