Short Answer

Impact of Unexpected Inflation on Loans

Imagine a scenario where a lender provides a one-year loan to a borrower at a fixed stated interest rate of 4%. During the year, the economy experiences an unexpected general price level increase of 6%. From the perspective of purchasing power, who benefits from this situation—the borrower or the lender? Explain your reasoning by calculating the real interest rate.

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Updated 2025-10-08

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