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An illustrative example of a non-experimental, correlational study is John Cacioppo and Richard Petty's 1982 research. They validated their Need for Cognition Scale by comparing the scale scores of university professors with those of factory workers. This is not an experiment because the researchers simply measured pre-existing occupational groups rather than manipulating conditions or assigning participants.

Example of Correlational Research: Need for Cognition and Occupation

In Cacioppo and Petty's (1982) correlational study, they validated the Need for Cognition Scale by comparing the scores of university professors with those of factory workers.

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