Concept

Jami on Azari, Katebi, Amirshahi, and Arefi Heravi: Ecstatic Sayings, Uneven Meter, Smooth Grace, and the Guy o Chogan

In Section 31 of the Baharestan's seventh garden, Jami surveys four poets of the Khorasan circle, marking each by a distinctive quality:

  • Azari Esfaraini: A poet of Khorasan whose verse contains many tamat (ecstatic, mystical utterances); Jami singles out one of his admired opening lines (matla).
  • Katebi Nishaburi: Commands many original meanings and a distinctive manner of delivering them, yet his verse is not uniform or even — it falls into what is called shotor-gorbe (camel-cat), uneven and unbalanced.
  • Amirshahi Sabzevari (Shahi): Composes delicate poetry that is uniform and smooth, with clean diction and flavorful, well-seasoned meanings.
  • Arefi Heravi: Author of the masnavi Guy o Chogan (Ball and Polo-stick), reckoned among his most accomplished works; Jami quotes verses from it describing the polo horse.

The grouping shows Jami's evaluative vocabulary at work: the same criteria of smoothness (salasat), evenness, and meaningful substance used to praise Sh...

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Updated 2026-07-20

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course