Example

Julia's Borrowing Choice at a 10% Interest Rate: ($70, $23)

At a 10% interest rate, Julia has the option to borrow $70 for immediate spending. The total repayment is calculated by adding the interest to the principal. The formula is:

repayment=principal+(principal×r)\text{repayment} = \text{principal} + (\text{principal} \times r)

which can be factored into:

repayment=principal×(1+r)\text{repayment} = \text{principal} \times (1 + r)

For this specific case, the calculation is:

repayment=$70×(1+0.10)=$77\text{repayment} = \$70 \times (1 + 0.10) = \$77

If Julia's future endowment is $100, repaying the $77 loan would leave her with $23 for future consumption, resulting in the consumption bundle ($70, $23).

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Updated 2026-06-22

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