Example

Julia's Borrowing Choice at a 10% Interest Rate: ($70, $23)

At a 10% interest rate, Julia has the option to borrow $70 for immediate spending. The total repayment is calculated by adding the interest to the principal. The formula is repayment = principal + (principal * r), which can be factored into repayment = principal * (1 + r). For this specific case, the calculation is repayment = $70 * (1 + 0.10) = $77. If Julia's future endowment is $100, repaying the $77 loan would leave her with $23 for future consumption, resulting in the consumption bundle ($70, $23).

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Updated 2026-05-02

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