Kalman, D. (1996). A singularly valuable decomposition: The SVD of a matrix. The College Mathematics Journal, 27(1), 2–23.

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Singular value decomposition (SVD) is an unsupervised dimensionality reduction technique used for feature extraction.  The singular value decomposition of an m x n matrix M is a factorization of the form U$$\sum$$M*.  U is an m x m unitary matrix. $$\sum$$ is a m x n diagonal matrix. V is a v x v unitary matrix.
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Singular value decomposition (SVD)

According to the description of SVD algorithm, the columns of U are known as Left-singular Vectors.

Left-singular Vectors

According to the description of SVD algorithm, the columns of V are known as Right-singular Vectors.

Right-singular Vectors

Kalman (1996)

In singular value decomposition (SVD), the elements along the diagonal of the matrix $$\Sigma$$ are known as the singular values.

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