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Life as a Penalty and Death as a Remedy in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 23, Poem 68)
This poem from Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 23, Poem 68) expresses a profound resignation toward earthly life and its struggles, portraying life as an ongoing penalty and its cessation as a welcome release or remedy.
Key Themes:
- Dissolution of Earthly Desires: The opening lines declare that the heart's sorrow over a beloved is gone, and the heart itself has dissolved ('turned to blood'), indicating a state of detachment from mundane passions and the ego.
- Life as a Penalty: The phrase 'every breath I took from life was a penalty' (tawan) underscores the notion that physical existence is a burden or punishment.
- Death as a Remedy: The final passing of this life and its trials is described as a 'remedy' (darman), suggesting that death or annihilation of the self is the ultimate resolution to the suffering inherent in worldly existence.
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Updated 2026-07-04
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course