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Local polynomial coefficients without differentiation

The coefficient of z^j is the number multiplying that power after terms are collected. Write [z^j]P for it. To expand a polynomial H near a rational number t, substitute T=t+z and multiply out. For H(T)=2+3T+T^2 and t=1, H(1+z)=6+5z+z^2. These are exact polynomial identities, not numerical approximations or infinite series. For a positive integer J, keeping just powers below J is written modulo z^J; for J=2 the stored list is (6,5). Add and multiply such lists while dropping powers J and above: nonnegative powers cannot later contribute to a lower power. These local coefficients are often called Taylor coefficients; no derivatives are needed here.

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Updated 2026-11-07

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