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Concept
Lopinavir/ritonavir
- Brand Name: Kaletra
- Indication: treatment of HIV-1
- Class: protease inhibitor and cytochrome p450 (CYP450) inhibitor
- Mechanism: ritonavir inhibits CYP450 to increase the amount of lopinavir in the blood (reduce the clearance of lopinavir from the body). Lopinavir inhibits the protease enzyme of HIV which is responsible for the replication and growth of the virus. Lopinavir/ritonavir may bind to a key enzyme involved in coronavirus replication
- Common adverse events (AEs): Gastrointestinal (GI) events (i.e. nausea and vomiting)
- Drug-Drug interactions: CYP3A inhibitors, tadalafil, riociguat, vorapaxar, fusidic acid, salmeterol, rivaroxaban (significant drug interactions)
- Safety and Efficacy: Clinical evidence of safety and efficacy is limited. Study found that there was no difference in clinical improvement or mortality compared to standard treatment in severe COVID-19 patients. This medication has unfavorable pharmacodynamics in treatment of COVID-19 as shown by clinical trials. This medication comes with a risk of irregular heartbeat especially in patients with severe COVID-19 with comorbidities.
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Updated 2021-07-31
Tags
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Biomedical Sciences