Formed elements that carry oxygen to and from the body's tissues

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

Formed elements involved in clot formation and tissue repair

Platelets (Thrombocytes)

Formed elements involved in the innate and adaptive immune response

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

Three major types of formed elements include:

- red blood cells/erythrocytes
- platelets/thrombocytes
- white blood cells/leukocytes

University of Notre Dame

These stem cells are pluripotent, meaning they can give rise to many different types of other cells and formed elements.  Hematopoietic stem cells are found in bone marrow and notably produce:

- lymphoid progenitors 
- myeloid stem cells

(Photo credits in References)

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

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The common lymphoid progenitor matures into four mature categories of lymphocytes:

- B lymphocytes
- natural killer (NK) cells
- NK-T cells
- T lymphocytes

Common Lymphoid Progenitors

Myeloid stem cells, also called myeloid progenitors, mature into colony form unit (CFU) cells that produce their respective mature cell, including:

- neutrophils
- monocytes
- eosinophils
- basophils
- mast cells
- megakaryocytes
- erythrocytes

Myeloid Stem Cells

CD markers stand for clusters of differentiation, these are specific antigens on cells that help to identify the cells. Most common CD markers on lymphoid and myeloid stem cells are given below:

CD markers 

Hematopoiesis Figure (Figure 17.12). Reprinted from OpenStax Microbiology (p. 701), by N. Parker, M. Shneegurt, A.-h. Thi Tu, B. M. Forester, and P. Lister, 2016, Rice University. URL: https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/17-3-cellular-defenses. Copyright 2016 by Rice University.

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