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Multiple-Baseline Design Across Behaviors Example
An example of a multiple-baseline design across behaviors involves measuring an office worker's productivity on two different tasks: making sales calls and writing reports. After establishing baselines for both tasks, a goal-setting treatment is introduced for one task first, and later for the second task. If productivity increases on each task only after the treatment is applied to it, the researcher can confidently conclude that the treatment caused the increase.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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What is the defining feature of a multiple-baseline design across behaviors?
A clinical psychologist wants to determine whether a reinforcement-based intervention improves a client's self-care habits. She tracks two behaviors — frequency of teeth-brushing and frequency of bed-making — during an initial observation period. She then introduces the reinforcement intervention for both behaviors at the same time and observes that both behaviors increase simultaneously. This procedure allows her to rule out the possibility that an outside event, rather than the intervention, caused the improvements.
A researcher is using a multiple-baseline design across behaviors to help a student improve three distinct classroom behaviors: raising their hand, staying in their seat, and completing assignments. Match each part of the experimental procedure with its corresponding implementation in this study.
A behavioral researcher is designing a study to treat three distinct anxiety behaviors in a single patient. To establish causality using a multiple-baseline design across behaviors, organize the researcher's methodological steps in the correct logical sequence.
A researcher is developing a protocol to investigate if a self-monitoring intervention effectively improves three distinct, unrelated academic behaviors—active note-taking, textbook highlighting, and participation in discussion forums—for a single student. To create a valid multiple-baseline design across behaviors that demonstrates experimental control, which of the following experimental architectures should the researcher construct?
Multiple-Baseline Design Across Behaviors Example
In a multiple-baseline design across behaviors, the researcher introduces the intervention for all of the participant's targeted behaviors at the same time.
A researcher implements a multiple-baseline design across behaviors to target a child's 'sharing' and 'verbal-requesting.' The intervention is applied to sharing at session and to verbal-requesting at session . If verbal-requesting levels increase significantly at session —before the treatment is applied to it—the researcher must conclude that the results fail to establish _____.
A clinical psychologist uses a multiple-baseline design across behaviors to help a client. Match each research design component to its corresponding application in the study.
In a multiple-baseline design across behaviors targeting a single participant's sales calls and report writing, an increase in productivity that corresponds only to the staggered introduction time of the intervention for each behavior allows researchers to establish _____.
A researcher is planning to evaluate the effectiveness of a productivity intervention using a multiple-baseline design across behaviors. Order the steps from first to last to ensure the study can successfully establish causality.
Describe the core structure of a multiple-baseline design across behaviors and explain how this design helps researchers establish causality.
Based on the principles of a multiple-baseline design across behaviors, what specific pattern of results must the researcher observe to provide clear evidence that the token-reward intervention caused the improvement in the worker's productivity?
A clinical psychologist is planning a multiple-baseline design across behaviors to help a child reduce three different habits: nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and hair-pulling. After establishing multiple baselines for all three of these dependent variables, what specific methodological step must the psychologist take next to properly apply this design?
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In the example of a multiple-baseline design across behaviors involving an office worker, what pattern of results allows a researcher to confidently conclude that the goal-setting treatment caused an increase in productivity?
A researcher is studying an office worker's productivity on two tasks: making sales calls and writing reports. To demonstrate that a goal-setting treatment is the cause of an increase in productivity, arrange the following steps in the correct chronological order.
A researcher is testing a reward system to improve a student's 'on-task behavior' and 'assignment completion.' To determine if the reward system is effective, they use a specific single-subject design. Match each component of the scenario to its corresponding role in this research design.
In a multiple-baseline design across behaviors (such as sales calls and report writing), if the participant's performance on the second behavior improves significantly while it is still in the baseline phase—specifically at the exact moment treatment begins for the first behavior—the researcher can no longer confidently attribute the second improvement to the treatment's specific application.
A school psychologist is tasked with developing an experimental protocol to test if a 'token reward' system increases a student's 'on-time arrival' and 'desk organization.' Which implementation plan should the researcher construct to establish a valid Multiple-Baseline Design Across Behaviors?
In a multiple-baseline design across behaviors involving 'making sales calls' and 'writing reports,' a researcher can validly evaluate the intervention as the cause of improvement in both behaviors even if 'writing reports' increases simultaneously with the 'making sales calls' intervention, provided that both behaviors had stable initial baselines.
A researcher is evaluating whether a goal-setting intervention increases the productivity of an office worker on two distinct tasks: 'making sales calls' and 'writing reports.' Arrange the steps in the correct order to demonstrate a causal relationship between the intervention and the behavior changes.
A researcher evaluates an office worker’s productivity by tracking two distinct behaviors: making sales calls and writing reports. The researcher first establishes baselines for both, then introduces a goal-setting intervention for sales calls first, and later for writing reports. Match each part of this study to its specific logical role in establishing a causal relationship between the intervention and the behavior changes.
A researcher evaluates a goal-setting intervention for an office worker by tracking two separate behaviors: making sales calls and writing reports. After a baseline period for both, the intervention is applied to sales calls first, while report writing remains at its baseline level. Later, the intervention is applied to report writing. To conclude the intervention was effective, which pattern of results is required?
In an example of a multiple-baseline design across behaviors, a researcher measures an office worker's productivity on making sales calls and writing reports. After establishing baselines for both tasks, the treatment introduced sequentially to each task is _____.
In a multiple-baseline design across behaviors, an office worker's productivity on two tasks (sales calls and report writing) is tracked. When the goal-setting treatment is introduced for the sales-call task, report-writing productivity also improves—even though report writing is still in its baseline phase. A researcher evaluating this outcome must conclude that the study has failed to demonstrate _____.
Explain how a multiple-baseline design across behaviors is implemented and how it allows a researcher to determine if a treatment was effective, using the example of an office worker's productivity on two tasks.
Based on the concept of a multiple-baseline design across behaviors, design a specific implementation plan for this study and justify how you would conclude whether the app is effective.
In the example of the office worker, why is it critical that the goal-setting treatment is introduced for the sales calls and report writing at different times rather than simultaneously? Briefly explain in one to three sentences.