Concept

Mystical Bewilderment and the Transcendence of Intellect in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 9, Poem 21)

In Poem 21 of Chapter 9 of the Mokhtar Nameh, Farid al-Din al-Attar describes an ineffable state of profound spiritual bewilderment (hayrah) that transcends rational intellect and dualistic distinctions of good and evil. This state represents a stage on the Sufi path where the seeker's intellect is superseded by direct spiritual experience, rendering their condition indescribable and leaving them in a state of absolute amazement.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course