Cerebral Palsy is a neurological condition which develops anytime between the prenatal and two years post-natal period. Onset occurs for unknown reasons during fetal development, but can also occur during issues with delivery or due to a child sustaining an injury to the head before cerebral development is completed. The disease is commonly characterized by disorders of movement, as well as emotional, behavioral, and cognitive impairments. 

Cerebral Palsy (CP)

Conversion disorder is a neurological condition in which the individual is seen to experience sensory- or motor-based deficits that cannot be explained by any other known neurological disorders. While this definition seems convoluted, it is the common way that conversion disorder is defined in the clinical setting. The name, “conversion disorder,” comes from the concept of internal emotional and psychological states (which have been repressed) manifesting, or converting, into inexplicable physical symptoms, such as (but not limited to): blindness, numbness, paralysis, and seizures. This disorder is quite hard to diagnose, and tends to be a controversial diagnosis, due to the fact that the underlying psychological issues may be hard to address or discover. 

Conversion Disorder

Stroke can be clinically recognized through a sudden or rapid onset of symptoms which reflect global or focal deficit of neurological function, lasting around 24 hours or yielding death. Due to infarction or hemorrhage of the central nervous system, it is classified as both a neurological disorder and vascular injury. There are associations between stroke development and hypertension, diabetes, history of smoking, and more. Despite the wide range of severity in symptoms, strokes are generally characterized by difficulties with motor function, visual deficits, speech and language deficits, pain, and other difficulties with daily life activities which yield a strong dependence on a caregiver or nursing facility. Combinations of pharmacological- and rehabilitation-based treatments are the most common strategies to help a patient improve their overall function. 

Stroke

Epilepsy is a common neurological disease, characterized by recurring, unprovoked seizures. Unprovoked seizures are seen brief episodes of impaired behavior or awareness which are unrelated to other medical conditions, drug or alcohol use, or glucose levels. Those with an epileptic syndrome have forms of epilepsy where the type of seizure episodes (focal versus generalized) is known, with consistent EEG patterns. Epileptic seizures are generally caused by abnormal neurons altering the neural network, at local or global levels. 

Epilepsy

Neurological disorders are a specific type of disorder that occurs as a result of injury or trauma to the brain or central nervous system, consisting of the spinal cord and the connected nerves. Neurological disorders can impair movement and speech to various degrees, depending on the intensity and the specific type of neurological disorder. Neurological disorders can also occur as a result of genetic abnormalities and infections. Specific neurological disorders include cerebral palsy, ADD, and conversion disorder.

Grinnell College

Rutgers University

Also called psychological disorders, these are disorders rooted in mental thought patterns that impair the person's functioning, with specific disorders having their own disgnostic criteria. 

Mental Disorders/Mental Illnesses

Neurological Disorders. (2022). Mt.gov. https://dphhs.mt.gov/schoolhealth/chronichealth/neurologicaldisorders#:~:text=Neurological%20disabilities%20include%20a%20wide

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Neurological Disorders Reference

- Anxiety disorders
- Mood disorders 
- Psychotic disorders
- Personality disorders
- Eating disorders
- Sleep disorders
- Addiction
- Adjustment disorders

Categories of mental disorders/mental illnesses

Psychopathology is a term with a dual meaning. It refers to the scientific study of psychological disorders, which includes investigating their symptoms, etiology (causes), and potential treatments. Concurrently, the term can also describe the manifestation of a psychological disorder itself, meaning the abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that indicate its presence.

Psychopathology

Characteristics associated with a lower likelihood of developing a mental illness/disorder.
- Biophysical 
- Psychological 
- Social 
- Spiritual 

Protective Factors

Various health and life outcomes of mental disorders/mental illnesses. 

Mental Disorders/Mental Illnesses Outcomes

Anxiety Sensitivity (AS) describes the fear of anxiety-related symptoms that are often accompanied by hyperarousal, pain, stomach distress, and racing thoughts. Individuals experience physical and social fears alongside concerns for mental capability.

Anxiety Sensitivity

In this study, researchers collected data on healthy eating barriers which impact individuals suffering from mental illness. They found that participant's barriers towards a healthy lifestyle were modifiable and suggested helpful intervention techniques. 

Healthy Eating in Persons with Serious Mental Illnesses: Understanding and Barriers

The cause of comorbid Anxiety and Depression is debated within the scientific community. Adolescents experience comorbidity of Anxiety and Depression at rates ranging from 15.9%-61.9%.  

Comorbidity of Anxiety and Depression in Youth

Gender Dysphoria is characterized by the subjectively experienced distress that arises from the mismatch between gender identity, or internally felt sense of gender, and assigned sex at birth.

Gender Dysphoria

An emerging field which seeks to identify which dietary components are truly important for mental health, including in psychiatric disease, as well as to whom,
under which circumstances and at which specific dosages these nutritional interventions have preventative and therapeutic efficacy.

Nutrition Psychiatry

Factors that predispose adults and children to develop a mental disorder
- Biological 
- Psychological 
- Social 
- Spiritual 
- Cultural

Risk Factors for Developing a Mental Disorder

Neurological Disorders

References for Neurological Disorders

The term of psychiatric survivor comes from the c/s/x movement and is meant to position individuals as survivors of the psychiatric system and psychiatric industrial complex.

Psychiatric Survivor

Ex-patient was used as a term starting in the 1970s by individuals in the growing ex-patients movement. The term was used at the time because of how madness and mad as derogatory terms were not yet reclaimed. It was used as an identity to indicate individuals who have previously been 
patients in asylums or other mental health systems.

Ex-patient

The term psychiatric consumer originated at the 1985 Alternatives Conference and was chosen to represent individuals who receive care from mental health and psychiatric services. It was chosen in part because it was meant to signify that patients have, or ideally should have, a choice of services and treatment.

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