Impairments in hot Ef's in relation to ODD results in preservation of behavior and inability to portray adaptive behavioral responses to changes in the environment. 

ODD: impairments of hot EF's

Hot EF's are thought to be controlled by the orbitofrontal and medial pre-frontal networks in the limbic system and underlying paralimbic structures. 

Arizona State University

- Hot (reward or affective related)
- Cool (purely cognative)


Types of Executive Functions (EF's)

Studies indicate that dysfunction in the orbitofrontal cortex result in compromised affective decision making in people with ODD.

ODD: impaired orbitofrontal cortex functioning

Matthys, Vanderschuren, L. J. M. J., & Schutter, D. J. L. G. (2013). The neurobiology of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder: Altered functioning in three mental domains. Development and Psychopathology, 25(1), 193–207. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579412000272

The neurobiology of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder: Altered functioning in three mental domains

Salehinejad MA, Ghanavati E, Rashid MHA, Nitsche MA. Hot and cold executive functions in the brain: A prefrontal-cingular network. Brain and Neuroscience Advances. 2021;5. doi:10.1177/23982128211007769

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