The most common mobile electron carrier used in catabolism (Oxidized form: NAD+, Reduced form: NADH)

University of Notre Dame

Certain principle electron carriers play vital roles in key metabolic pathways. These include:

- Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)
- Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)
- Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)

Principle Electron Carriers

Products of the EMP Pathway

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Originate from the vitamin B group, derivatives of nucleotides, and can be easily reduced or oxidized

Principle Electron Carrier Characteristics

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+/NADH)

An NAD+ variant with an extra phosphate group that plays an important role in anabolic reactions and photosynthesis (Oxidized form: NADP+, Reduced form: NADPH)

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+/NADPH)

A 3-carbon molecule produced by glycolysis that drive ATP production by oxidative phosphorylation and is a critical input of the citric acid cycle

Pyruvate

A nucleotide that provides the energy needed to drive essential physiological processes in living organisms through the breakage of a phosphate bond (ATP -> ADP + Pi)

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