Repeated episodes of hypopnea and apnea during sleep alongside gasping, snoring, or breathing pauses while sleeping. That will result in unrefreshed sleep, tiredness, or sleepiness during the day. 

State University of New York at Albany

New York University

* Obstructive Sleep Apnea Separate Specific Disorder
* Central Sleep Apnea
* Sleep-Related Hypoventilation


Specific Breathing Sleep-Related Disorders

Sleep Apnea is defined by the stop of breathing of the sleeper during sleep. 

Sleep Apnea

Whitbourne, S. K. (2023). Abnormal psychology: Clinical perspective on psychological disorder. (10th ed.). McGraw Hill.

Specific Breathing Sleep-Related Disorders Reference

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

Central Sleep Apnea is a Recurring occurrence of sleep apnea during sleep.

Central Sleep Apnea

Sleep-related hypoventilation consists of episodes of reduced respiration during sleep.

Sleep-Related Hypoventilation

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Separate Specific Disorder

A common and effective treatment for mild to severe sleep apnea is the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device. This apparatus consists of a mask, which can cover the nose and mouth or just the nose, connected to a pump. The pump delivers a continuous stream of air into the patient's airways, preventing them from collapsing during sleep.

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