In Ontology, "thing" refers to a concrete entity. Things are made up of properties. Typically any domain contains concrete things and the relationships (or links) between them. concrete things are determined by one's perceptions of the object or entity. 

The Ontological Construct of "Thing"

In Ontology, “property” refers to a fact about an individual or “thing.” These facts or possessions depend on the existence of individuals or “things.”

The Ontological Construct of "Property"

To interpret and define a relationship, the following ontological constructs are used:

- thing
- property
- attribute
- functional schema, state, law
- interaction
- class and kind
- composition of things

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A branch of philosophy that covers various theoretical models and organizations of reality

Ontology

Conceptual modeling constructed based on models of reality (ontology) and the corresponding domains and rules of entity-relationships. 

Ontology in Conceptual Modeling Constructs

Wand, Y., Storey, V. C., & Weber, R. (1999). An ontological analysis of the relationship construct in conceptual modeling. ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS), 24(4), 494-528.

An ontological analysis of the relationship construct in conceptual modeling

Various fields use ontology to inform certain models or frameworks. These disciplines include:
- Computer science
- Linguistics
- Psychology 



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