Concept

Ontological Paradox and Loss of Agency in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 23, Poem 63)

In Chapter 23, Poem 63 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet explores a state of profound mystical bewilderment characterized by an ontological paradox. The speaker is suspended between existence and non-existence, illustrating a spiritual intoxication found within the 'veil of non-existence'. The metaphor of the shattered glass signifies an irreversible collapse of the ego or self-reliance, culminating in a state of absolute helplessness and a complete loss of personal agency, where the seeker realizes they are no longer the doer of their own actions.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course