When the phage enters the cell through the contraction of the tail sheath, which acts like a needle to inject the viral genome through the cell wall and membrane.

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The bacteriophage attaches to the cell surface and penetrates the cell by injecting viral DNA inside the host. Eventually the phage DNA is replicated which allows for the production of phage proteins. Lastly, the cell is destroyed where the newly assembled particles exit the host cell through cell lysis.

Lytic Cycle

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

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The steps for both the Lytic and Lysogenic cycle of replication include:
- Attachment
- Penetration
- Integration and host cell division (unique to the lysogenic cycle)
- Biosynthesis
- Maturation
- Lysis

Steps of Bacteriaphage Replication

The production of of new viral components from phage DNA replication. 

Biosynthesis of Bacteriophage

Where the phage interacts with specific bacterial surface receptors.

Attachment of Bacteriophage

Mature viruses burst out of the host cell and into the environment to infect new cells.

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