Graphical Representation of the Relationship between Perceived Test Score & Ability vs. Actual Test Score & Performance. 

Emory University

In another experiment, participants were asked to identify grammatical errors in a passage. Once again, participants who performed poorly on the task overestimated their grammar skills, while those who performed well underestimated their skills.

Grammar Skills Experiment (Study 3)

Kruger, J., & Dunning, D. (1999). Unskilled and unaware of it: how difficulties in recognizing one's own incompetence lead to inflated self-assessments. Journal of personality and social psychology, 77 6, 1121-34 .

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