Learn Before
Psychological Realism
Psychological realism is achieved when an experimental procedure successfully triggers the exact same cognitive and emotional processes in participants that they would utilize in their actual, daily lives. Even if an experiment is conducted in an artificial laboratory setting that looks nothing like the real world (lacking mundane realism), it can still provide valuable, generalizable findings if it possesses high psychological realism. For example, having participants judge product colors on a computer screen lacks everyday physical similarity to shopping, but it still utilizes the same authentic visual processing mechanisms.
0
1
Tags
KPU
Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
Related
Predictive Power of Economic Experiments
Cialdini's Hotel Towel Field Experiment
Volunteer Bias and External Validity
External Validity Concerns in Single-Subject Research
Generalizing to Individuals in Group Research
Generalizing Across Situations
Mundane Realism
Psychological Realism
Prioritizing Validities
External Validity of Correlational Research
Situational Generalization in Group Research
Which of the following best defines external validity in psychological research?
If a researcher finds that a memory-enhancing technique works for college students in a laboratory setting but fails to work for elderly adults in their own homes, the study is considered to have high external validity.
Match each research scenario with the statement that best describes its impact on the ability to generalize the study's results to other people or situations.
A researcher is evaluating how well results from three different psychological studies can be generalized to the broader population and to real-world settings. Analyze the design characteristics of each study and arrange them in order from the least likely to have high external validity to the most likely to have high external validity.
Imagine you are creating a research protocol to test whether a new memory-enhancing strategy is effective for the general public. To design a study with the highest possible 'external validity', which of the following plans should you construct?
Complementary Nature of Single-Subject and Group Research
Individual Generalization in Group Research
Requirements for Generalization
Suppose you are a peer reviewer for a psychological journal assessing a study that demonstrates a significant effect of a new therapy, but you notice the study was conducted exclusively on a very specific, small group of students in a highly controlled laboratory. To critique the study's lack of generalizability to the broader population and real-world clinical settings, your evaluation would focus on a deficiency in _____ validity.
The ability to generalize the results of a study beyond the specific people and situations that were actually investigated is known as _____ validity.
A researcher wants to study how social pressure affects eco-friendly behavior. Instead of using a sterile laboratory, they conduct a field experiment in an actual hotel, observing whether guests reuse towels. According to the definition of external validity, this study is high in external validity because it allows findings to be generalized to real-world situations beyond a specific laboratory setting.
Match each research scenario or design characteristic with its corresponding impact on external validity, based on how environmental control and setting affect generalization.
Evaluate the following three research designs based on their expected level of external validity. Arrange them in order from the design with the HIGHEST external validity (Order 1) to the design with the LOWEST external validity (Order 3).
Learn After
Fredrickson's Swimsuit Math Test Experiment
What defines psychological realism in an experimental procedure?
An experimental procedure can possess high psychological realism even if the laboratory setting looks artificial, provided it successfully triggers the same cognitive and emotional processes that participants use in their daily lives.
A psychology researcher is evaluating several different laboratory studies for their use of realism. Match each experimental design scenario with the type of realism it primarily demonstrates or lacks, based on the definition of psychological realism.
A researcher is studying social anxiety by having participants talk to a computer-generated face in a windowless laboratory. Although the setup is physically artificial, the researcher argues that the results are valid for understanding real-world social anxiety. Arrange the logical steps used to analyze how psychological realism allows for this conclusion.
You are tasked with designing a new laboratory experiment to study 'social exclusion' for a psychology course. To ensure your design possesses high psychological realism despite being conducted in an artificial laboratory setting, which of the following experimental protocols should you create to effectively trigger the target internal processes?
_____ realism is achieved when an experimental procedure successfully triggers the exact same cognitive and emotional processes in participants that they would utilize in their actual, daily lives.
A critic argues that a study where participants judge product colors on a computer screen is invalid because it lacks physical similarity to actual shopping. The researcher defends the study by stating that the task successfully triggers the authentic visual processing mechanisms used in daily life. In this evaluation, the researcher is prioritizing _____ realism as the primary criterion for the study's validity.
A researcher studying consumer behavior has participants view colored squares on a computer screen in a windowless lab. Because this task lacks physical similarity to actual grocery shopping, it cannot achieve psychological realism even if it triggers the same visual processing mechanisms used in daily life.
A research team evaluates an experiment where participants judge product colors on a computer. Match each scenario description with its corresponding concept according to the principles of psychological realism and external validity.
Evaluate the sequence of steps a researcher must take to establish and verify that an artificial laboratory experiment possesses psychological realism and yields valuable findings. Order the steps from first to last.