https://docs.python.org/3/library/index.html

Python Standard Library Documentation

Here are examples of modules within the Python Standard Library:
- random module
- request module
- statistics module
- math module
- cmath module

Python Standard Library Modules

The `os` module is a built-in Python library that provides a portable way to use operating system-dependent functionality. It allows programmers to interact with the underlying operating system that Python is running on, enabling tasks such as creating and removing directories, fetching directory contents, changing the current working directory, and constructing file paths robustly. In the context of data preprocessing, the `os` module is essential for preparing the file system, such as creating destination folders for datasets before writing data files to them.

os Module

The Python Standard Library is the collection of modules and packages bundled with every standard Python installation, so they can be imported without any separate install step. It provides built-in support for core data types, exceptions, and functions, as well as more complex tasks such as numeric and mathematical operations, operating-system and file-system interaction, input/output streams, command-line argument handling, and internet/network data access. Its modules are organized by topic, as shown by the 'Python Standard Library Modules' and 'os Module' child nodes.

University of California, Davis

Google

Python libraries are called "modules". They are a reusable chunk of codes that can be included in your programs to provide various functionalities in the form of different objects or functions. For example, there are modules that have functions you can use in your code to test if certain files exist on your hard drive. Likewise,  there are other modules that have functions for implementing web-server or web-browser functionality or to work with images or create charts and graphs; etc.
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The Python standard library comes with the Python package and installs with it when Python is installed on your computer. 
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Additionally, there is a growing number of Python's third-party libraries that canbe imported into your scripts to executes tasks that outstrip the limits of the standard library.
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Python Libraries

Python Standard Library

BioPython is a group of modules that are useful for bioinformatics applications.

BioPython

This link leads to a page describing a large overview of BioPython and what it can do : 
http://biopython.org/DIST/docs/tutorial/Tutorial.html

BioPython Tutorial 

This link goes to a pdf of a textbook that explains how python can be used for bioinformatics. On pages 175 to 222 and pages 317 to 391, it specifically goes into an explanation of BioPython : 
http://biology.hunter.cuny.edu/cellbio/Python%EF%80%A8/PYTHON%20FOR%20BIOINFORMATICS.pdf

Bioinformatics Textbook

Python is one of the most loved programming languages and there are many things you can do with it. Here are five of them:
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Web development: Python has good support for web development with its frameworks like Django, Flask, and others. Generally, developers use JavaScript in the frontend and Python for supporting server-side operations. Python is not used directly in browsers.
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Automation and Scripting: There are a ton of things that you can automate with as little as four or five lines of Python code. For example, you can convert a CSV to JSON file with one Python command - "import csv, json; print (json.dumps (list (csv.reader (open ('your_csv_file.csv')))))"
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Building Games: Python supports developing games. Its Pygame library is highly useful. It supports art, music, sound, video, and multimedia projects. You can even make cross-platform games using Kivy, which runs on Windows, Mac, Linux, Android, and iOS.
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Web Scraping: You see a lot of data every day across multiple sites. Think how cool it would be if you can access that data easily; that is what web scraping is, and python makes it even easier with its amazing support and libraries. Data on the web is unstructured, and python provides an easy way to parse and consume this data and even do further analysis and operations.
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Data Science (DS) and Machine Learning (ML): DS and ML are the most trendy topics these days. These technologies are the future of computer science. Python is well suited for data manipulation, analysis, and implementing complex algorithms. Data parsing and visualization are usually simple functions or a few lines of code with python libraries like NumPy, scipy, scikit-learn, etc.
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Five Cool Things You Can Do with Python

https://geekflare.com/you-can-do-with-python/


https://realpython.com/what-can-i-do-with-python/

https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/examples/quadratic-roots

https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/examples/calculator

https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/examples/display-calendar

https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/examples/pyramid-patterns

https://www.programiz.com/python-programming/examples

Thing You Can Do with Python

#Program to make a simple calculator
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#This function adds two numbers

def add (x, y):

    return x + y
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#This function subtracts two numbers

def subtract (x, y):

    return x - y
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#This function multiplies two numbers

def multiply (x, y):

    return x * y
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#This function divides two numbers

def divide (x, y):

    return x / y
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print ("Select operation.")

print ("1.Add")

print ("2.Subtract")

print ("3.Multiply")

print ("4.Divide")
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while True:

    #Take input from the user

    choice = input ("Enter choice(1/2/3/4): ")

    #Check if the choice is one of the four options
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    if choice in ('1', '2', '3', '4'):

        num1 = float (input("Enter first number: "))

        num2 = float (input("Enter second number: "))
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        if choice == '1':

            print (num1, "+", num2, "=", add(num1, num2))
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        elif choice == '2':

            print (num1, "-", num2, "=", subtract(num1, num2))
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        elif choice == '3':

            print(num1, "*", num2, "=", multiply(num1, num2))
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        elif choice == '4':
            print (num1, "/", num2, "=", divide(num1, num2))
        break
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    else:
        print ("Invalid Input")
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Python Program to Make a Simple Calculator

#Program to display a calendar of the given month and year

#Importing calendar module
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import calendar
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yy = int (input ("Enter year: "))     #Year

mm = int (input ("Enter month: "))     #Month
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#Display the calendar
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print (calendar.month(yy, mm))
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Python Program to Display Calendar

#Creating a pyramid pattern in Python
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#Specify the number of pyramid rows
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rows = int (input ("Enter number of rows: ")) 
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k = 0
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for i in range (1, rows + 1):

    for space in range (1, (rows-i) + 1):

        print (end="  ")
   
    while k! = (2*i - 1):

        print ("* ", end = "")

        k + = 1
   
    k = 0
    print()


Python Program to Create Pyramid Patterns

The standard form of a quadratic equation is:

ax^2 + bx + c = 0

where a, b, and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0

The solutions of this quadratic equation is given by:

(-b ± (b^2 - 4 * a * c)^0.5) / (2 * a)

# Source Code

#Solve the quadratic equation ax^2 + bx + c = 0

#Import complex math module
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import cmath
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#Define variables
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a = float (input ("Enter the value of a: "))

b = float (input ("Enter the value of b: "))

c = float (input ("Enter the value of c: "))
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#Calculate the discriminant
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d = (b**2) - (4*a*c)
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#Solve for the two solutions
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sol1 = (-b - cmath.sqrt(d))/(2*a)

sol2 = (-b + cmath.sqrt(d))/(2*a)
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print ("The solutions are {0} and {1}".format (sol1, sol2))
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Python Program to Solve Quadratic Equations

The `phonenumbers` library is a Python port of Google's `libphonenumber` library. It supports Python 2.5-2.7 and Python 3.x within the same codebase.

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