Reactive physical aggression implies using some form of physical force in response to a perceived immediate threat. An example of reactive physical aggression would be hitting an individual who the individual perceives may harm them



Reactive: physical aggression

Reactive verbal aggression occurs through the use of language/ verbal abuse in face of an immediate social threat.



Reactive: verbal aggression

Reactive emotional aggression is displayed when an individual feels provoked or frustrated in response to an external threat. An example of this form of anger is arguing as a defense mechanism to someone with a differing opinion or idea.



Reactive: emotional aggression

Reactive aggression is an impulsive response to a perceived immediate threat or frustration. An example of this form of aggression would be yelling or hitting another individual that provoked them.



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- What motivates the aggression/anger, the why
- The form of aggressive behavior (intrapersonal or relational)

Distinguishing between Proactive and Reactive Aggression



Matthys, & Lochman, J. E. (2017). Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder in childhood (Second edition.). Wiley Blackwell.


Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder in childhood 

Proactive aggression is typically motivated by a reward contingency. In other words, the individual uses this form of aggression to receive something in return. 

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