Mayo Clinic Staff. (2021, Sept. 3). Deep brain stimulation. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/deep-brain-stimulation/about/pac-20384562

Mayo Clinic: Deep brain stimulation (DBS)

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2023, Apr. 3). Transcranial magnetic stimulation. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation/about/pac-20384625

Mayo Clinic: Transcranial magnetic stimulation 

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2018, Oct. 12). Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/electroconvulsive-therapy/about/pac-20393894

Mayo Clinic: Electroconvulsive therapy

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2023, Apr. 18). Vagus nerve stimulation. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/vagus-nerve-stimulation/about/pac-20384565

Mayo Clinic: Vagus nerve stimulation

Mayo Clinic Websites for 
- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
- Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
- Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS)

Note: Add references as needed.

Santa Clara University

- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
- Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
- Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS)

Somatic Therapy

Electroconvulsive therapy is one of the most historical and effective treatments. It is the most historical and well-known treatment method. Electroconvulsive therapy is a typical treatment that can be used in patients who are difficult or ineffective in drug treatment. Most patients who have been treated for electric convulsions show rapid improvement without significant side effects.

ECT ( Electroconvulsive therapy)

References for Somatic Therapy 2.0

- Using a device to stimulate the vagus nerve (one vagus nerve located on each side of your body)
- alters brain activity to treat certain conditions

Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS)

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) uses a magnet to activate the brain. First developed in 1985, rTMS has been studied as a treatment for depression, psychosis, anxiety, and other disorders.

Unlike ECT, in which electrical stimulation is more generalized, rTMS can be targeted to a specific site in the brain. Scientists believe that focusing on a specific site in the brain reduces the chance for the types of side effects associated with ECT. But opinions vary as to what site is best.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

- Mild electrical stimulation of brain sites
- Surgically implanted electrode
- Targets different brain regions
- Used to treat depression that did not benefit from other treatment options
- Recent studies call into question whether DBS is more effective than a placebo to reduce depression

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