Upwards of 3 million Venezuelans have fled the country, mostly journeying to neighboring countries such as Colombia. This exodus both demonstrates the overwhelming nature of the crisis in Venezuela and poses a strain on neighboring countries. (AV 3)

Refugee Crisis in Venezuela and Colombia

The United States has imposed sanctions on Venezuela meant to force Maduro out of power—they have largely exacerbated the economic crisis in Venezuela. Other countries have recognized either Guaidó or Maduro as the legitimate president of the country in an attempt to influence Venezuelan politics.

International Involvement in Venezuela

The Venezuelan crisis has spilled over into neighboring countries as the result of a refugee crisis. Furthermore, international actors have taken interest in the crisis for political and economic reasons.

Wesleyan University

The current crisis afflicting Venezuela involves a swath of economic problems, a refugee crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the intersecting set of issues, there has not yet been a revolution aimed at overthrowing Chavismo.

Present-Day Crisis Under Maduro

Over 90% of the population is in poverty. There is a lack of perishable food and an irregular supply of water. People have to ration electricity, and 15% of children are at risk of dying from malnutrition. US-imposed sanctions are making matters worse.

Current Economic Problems in Venezuela

Regional and International Concerns Involving Venezuela

An already dangerous pandemic has been exacerbated by economic concerns. Electricity shortages have affected hospitals, with 57.3% of hospitals experiencing power outages and hospitals going without electricity for an average of about 15 days per month. Containment measures (such as stay-at-home orders) have been complicated by the desperate economic situation as impoverished Venezuelans rely on daily income to survive. These conditions have triggered over 1000 protests, though they have not developed into a full-fledged, united revolution yet.

COVID-19’s Effect on Venezuela

Unlike Lebanon, there has not been a coordinated revolution in Venezuela against the current regime. A variety of factors can explain this lack of a revolution, including the overwhelming nature of the current crisis, the continued popularity of Chavismo, a repressed civil society, the threat of military violence, and an uncoordinated opposition that has failed to unite the people against the government.

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