- Similar to the results of Study 1, higher cognitive skills positively correlated with endorsing political misinformation. Additionally, emotional investment was positively correlated with endorsing political misinformation that aligned with the participants' political party.
- At Time 1, participants felt more dissonance than validation towards the misbeliefs, but especially towards unfriendly misbeliefs.
- At Time 2, participants felt more validation once they were able to rate the truthfulness of the misbeliefs and then choose to either endorse or reject the misbelief.
- For friendly misbeliefs, there was a positive correlation between emotional investment and feelings of validation, and a negative correlation for unfriendly misbeliefs.

Saint Louis University

At two different time intervals, participants were asked how they perceived friendly and unfriendly political misinformation. 

- At Time 1, the researchers asked participants about their emotions towards misbeliefs that many people believed to be true, which demonstrated a mark of truthfulness to the claim. Whether the participants felt more validated or more dissonance to the misbeliefs was observed.
- At Time 2, participants rated how truthful they personally found the political misinformation to be. Afterwards, feelings of validation or dissonance was observed among the participants.

Overview of Study 2: Tracing Emotional Management

Sanchez, C., & Dunning, D. (2021). Cognitive and Emotional Correlates of Belief in Political Misinformation: Who Endorses Partisan Misbeliefs?. Emotion. Advance online publication. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/emo0000948

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