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Revised Hierarchical Model

  • Revised Hierarchical Model (RHM) explains asymmetries in bilingual translation.
  • When learning L2, the new words are attached to their L1 translations.
    • L2 to L1 is theorized to be dictionary connected. Therefore, L1 to L2 translations would be more rapid. But it is hypothesized that the definition of a word and the word itself in L2 is slow and more likely for errors to occur in learning because there are limited words known in L2, which will weaken the association.
  • RHM has been tested and debated, but for now, it does explain why it is more difficult for learners and bilinguals to translate/producing a new/weaker language (ex: L2). Still, it produces greater benefits for later memory.
    • I.e., L2 creates a desirable difficulty.
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Updated 2021-08-24

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