Concept

Sanai's Metaphor of Slaying the Four Birds of the Elements

In Section 9 of the Hadiqat al-Haqiqah, Sanai illustrates the soul's liberation from the physical body through the metaphor of the "four natures" (char tab' - corresponding to the four classical elements). He refers to these bodily elements as "four birds" that must be symbolically sacrificed or "beheaded" for the sake of true faith. By slaying these elemental attachments, Sanai argues that the seeker frees the eternal soul from the trap of worldly existence, distinguishing the biological life of the elements from the true spiritual life of the soul.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course