After a specimen is dried for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), it is sputter-coated with metal to prevent the specimen from becoming charged by the electron beam. This process involves knocking atoms off a metal target, such as a palladium target, with energetic particles to coat the specimen.

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When samples are prepared for viewing using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), they must be dehydrated using an ethanol series and be even drier than necessary for a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Critical point drying achieves this by using inert liquid carbon dioxide under pressure to displace the water from the specimen.

SEM Critical Point Drying

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

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