Essay

Short-Run vs. Medium-Run Effects of a Fiscal Contraction

An economy is initially at its medium-run equilibrium, where output is at its potential level and inflation is stable. The government implements a policy of fiscal consolidation by permanently reducing its spending. Analyze the short-run and medium-run consequences of this policy on output, unemployment, and inflation. Explain the key mechanisms that drive the economy's adjustment from the initial shock to the new medium-run equilibrium.

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Updated 2025-10-08

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