Silvestri, R., & Ipsiroglu, O. S. (2022). Behavioral sleep medicine-The need for harmonization of clinical best practice outcome measures in children and adolescents with intellectual or developmental disabilities and restless sleep. Frontiers in psychiatry, 13, 1003019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1003019

Behavioral sleep medicine—The need for harmonization of clinical best practice outcome measures in children and adolescents with intellectual or developmental disabilities and restless sleep

Up to 80% of children with IDD experience sleep disturbances. These disturbances can aggravate their developmental delays, disruptive behaviors, and mental health problems. Some of these disorders are more easily detectable than others. 

Sleep Disturbances in Indivudals with IDD

The model shows the impact of sleep disturbances and their bidirectional influence with other diagnoses like neurodevelopmental conditions and internalizing/externalizing disorders. Root causes can include deficiencies in iron and various vitamins as well as sleep health. 
This model complements both medical and non-medical interventions for individuals with IDDs.

Mind the Gap Logic Model

- Treatment may be difficult due to interference with other drugs
  - Special drug refractories and sensitivities
- Early employment of these drugs possessing the capability to alter brain chemistry may underscore the need to address  the child's unmet needs
  - The use of adequate supplemental therapy is a good addition

Treatment of Insomnia and Hypermotor Behaviors in Children with ASD and ADHD

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities often struggle with restlessness and lack of sleep in connection to their disabilities.

Cedarville University

The DSM-5-TR makes a note to mention the common occurrence of co-occurring disorders that are diagnosed alongside a sleep-wake disorder. These co-occurring conditions frequently involve depression, anxiety, and cognitive changes. It is also recognized that sleep disturbances are recognized risk factors for developing other mental disorders (e.g., substance use disorder). Thus, when evaluating sleep disturbances as a differential diagnosis, the rule is to consider co-existence rather than differential diagnosis. Because of the importance of sleep on other mental or physical conditions, as well as the inverse effect of mental and physical conditions on sleep, it is important to plan treatment using a multidimensional approach that encompasses all the conditions of the patient. 

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