Concept

Spiritual Bewilderment and the Futility of Ego in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 16, Poem 2)

In Chapter 16, Poem 2 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet explores the mystical theme of spiritual bewilderment when confronted with the inaccessible Divine. The poem highlights the futility of harboring worldly dualities—such as hatred and love—and the error of remaining fiercely attached to one's own existence (ego). Since the ultimate divine essence (symbolized by 'that lip') is beyond human reach and manipulation, the only appropriate response for the seeker is to surrender all personal plans and remain in a state of constant awe and bewilderment.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course