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Spiritual Destitution and the Metaphor of the Fly in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 20, Poem 13)
In Chapter 20, Poem 13 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet expresses a profound sense of spiritual destitution and insignificance. Using the metaphor of a fly, the speaker highlights their perceived unworthiness of heavenly rewards (the shade of the Tuba tree). The poem emphasizes the crippling nature of the ego (nafs), which obstructs progress toward the Hereafter, leaving the seeker entirely stripped of worldly, religious, and spiritual assets ('neither heart, nor religion, nor the world'). This total dispossession reflects a deep state of spiritual poverty and helplessness on the mystic path.
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course