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Spiritual Negligence and Regret in Old Age in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 23, Poem 44)
Overview
In Chapter 23, Poem 44 of the Mokhtar Nameh, Attar explores the profound grief of realizing that a lifetime has been wasted in spiritual slumber (khwab). As physical aging occurs (symbolized by hair turning white), the inner state worsens (the heart turning black with negligence). The poem underscores the ultimate tragedy of a fruitless life which yields nothing but pain and regret at its end.
Key Themes
- Spiritual Slumber: The state of negligence or ignorance (ghaflat) that persists throughout life.
- Contrast of Aging: The physical whitening of hair versus the spiritual blackening of the heart.
- Fruitless Life: The despair of yielding nothing but regret at the end of one's days.
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Updated 2026-07-04
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course