Concept

Spiritual Oscillation and Bewilderment in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 32, Poem 56)

In Chapter 32, Poem 56 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet explores the profound fluctuations of the spiritual seeker's state. The quatrain contrasts the elevating power of extreme spiritual intoxication (مستی مست), which grants the seeker access to their true self or divine reality, with the alienating effect of baseness (پستی پست), which distances them from it. Ultimately, these oscillating spiritual states culminate in a state of absolute bewilderment (حیرت / Heyrat). In Sufism, this bewilderment is a high spiritual station representing the limits of human cognition and the soul's awe when confronted with the infinite reality of Divine existence.

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Updated 2026-07-05

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Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course