Concept

Spiritual Oscillation and Union in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 42, Poem 3)

In this quatrain from Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet explores the states of spiritual longing and intoxication. The verses describe an oscillation between existence and non-existence (fana and baqa) driven by the 'wine' of divine love. The ultimate goal of this spiritual turbulence is intimate union with the Beloved, metaphorically expressed as putting one's arms around the Beloved's neck.

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Updated 2026-07-06

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course